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Cryptocurrency, a digital or virtual form of currency, is encrypted using cryptography to control its creation and transactions and to ensure the security of transfers. It works based on a technology known as blockchain which is a decentralized technology spread across many computers and manages and records transactions.

Historical Significance of Cryptocurrencies

The concept of digital currency is not new and can be dated back to 1983 when David Chaum, an American cryptographer, developed an electronic cash called 'ecash.' Later, in 1995, he launched it through Digicash, an early form of cryptocurrency which needed user software to withdraw notes from a bank and designate encrypted keys before it can be sent to a recipient.

However, it was not until 2009, the concept of cryptocurrencies took a giant leap in its acknowledgement and use with the launch of Bitcoin by an unidentified person or group named Satoshi Nakamoto. This led to the creation of a decentralized form of digital cash that eliminates the need for traditional intermediaries like banks and governments to make financial transactions.

Since then, thousands of unique varieties of cryptocurrency have been developed, including Ethereum, Ripple and Litecoin. The emergence of cryptocurrencies and the technology behind them have heavily impacted the financial and investment world.

Key Features of Cryptocurrencies

• Decentralization: Cryptocurrencies are typically decentralized and use a distributed ledger technology known as blockchain to record transactions across several computers.

• Limited Supply: Most cryptocurrencies have a limit on the number of coins that can be mined. For instance, the total amount of Bitcoin that will ever be issued is 21 million.

• Anonymity and Privacy: Cryptocurrency transactions provide a higher degree of anonymity than traditional transactions. Recipients and senders of crypto are often identified with cryptographic keys rather than their real names.

• No Intermediary: Cryptocurrency transactions are peer-to-peer meaning they take place directly between parties via the use of private and public keys. This eliminates the need for a financial institution to act as an intermediary.

• Divisibility: Cryptocurrencies are highly divisible. For example, you can buy a small fraction of a Bitcoin instead of a full unit.

In conclusion, the historical significance and key features of cryptocurrencies have allowed them to have a profound impact on the financial world. With the potential to widen the global economic inclusion, cryptocurrencies represent an exciting future for financial transactions. However, like any other innovation, it is important for potential users to understand these features and the involved risk before getting involved in crypto transactions. It is clear that the digital revolution is no longer a thing of the future, but something that is happening in the current times, potentially transforming the traditional practices in various sectors of the economy, most notably the financial sector.